Ubuchwepheshe obuyinhloko bokusondeza okulalelwayo ukwenza i-beamforming noma ukuhlunga kwendawo.Ingakwazi ukushintsha isiqondiso sokuqoshwa komsindo (okungukuthi, izwa isiqondiso somthombo womsindo) futhi ikulungise njengoba kudingeka.Kulokhu, isiqondiso esifanele yiphethini ye-supercardioid (esithombeni ngezansi), ethuthukisa umsindo ovela ngaphambili (okungukuthi, isiqondiso ikhamera ebheke ngaso ngqo), kuyilapho inciphisa umsindo ovela kwezinye izikhombisi-ndlela (umsindo ongemuva).).
Isisekelo salobu buchwepheshe siwukuthi kuyadingeka ukusetha imakrofoni ye-omnidirectional ngangokunokwenzeka: ama-microphone amaningi kanye nokude kakhulu, umsindo owengeziwe ungarekhodwa.Uma ifoni ifakwe imibhobho emibili, ngokuvamile ibekwe phezulu naphansi ukuze kwandiswe ibanga phakathi komunye nomunye;futhi izimpawu ezithathwe imibhobho zizoba yinhlanganisela engcono kakhulu yokwenza ukuqondisa kwe-supercardioid.
Isithombe esingakwesokunxele siwumsindo oqoshiwe ojwayelekile;i-zoom yomsindo esithombeni esingakwesokudla inokuqondisa kwe-supercardioid, ezwela kakhulu kumthombo oqondiwe futhi inciphisa umsindo ongemuva.
Umphumela walokhu kuqondisa okuphezulu utholwa kusetshenziswa isamukeli esingaqondile ngokusetha ukuzuza okuhlukile kweqembu ngalinye lemakrofoni ngayinye ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene ocingweni, bese kufingqwa izigaba zama-spikes ukuze kuthuthukiswe umsindo oyifunayo futhi kucekele phansi i-wave eseceleni ukuze kuncishiswe. ukuphazamiseka kwe-off-axis.
Okungenani, ngombono.Eqinisweni, ukwenza i-beamform kuma-smartphone kunezinkinga zako.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, omakhalekhukhwini abakwazi ukusebenzisa ubuchwepheshe bemakrofoni ye-condenser obutholakala kuma-studio amakhulu okurekhoda, kodwa kufanele basebenzise ama-microphone we-MEMS (ama-micro-electro-mechanical systems) ama-microphones amancane kakhulu we-MEMS adinga amandla amancane kakhulu ukuze asebenze.Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqondakala nokulawula izici ezibukwayo nezesikhashana ezenzeka ngokuhlunga kwendawo (njengokuhlanekezelwa, ukulahleka kwe-bass, nomsindo ophelele ngokuphazanyiswa kwesigaba esinzima/i-nasality), abakhiqizi be-smartphone akufanele bacabangele ngokucophelela ukubekwa kwemakrofoni, futhi. , kufanele ithembele ekuhlanganiseni kwayo okuyingqayizivele kwezici zomsindo, njengezilinganisi, ukutholwa kwezwi, namasango omsindo (okunga ngokwako kubangele izinto zobuciko ezizwakalayo).
Ngakho-ke, ngokunengqondo, umenzi ngamunye unendlela yakhe eyingqayizivele yokwenza i-beamforming ehlanganiswe nobuchwepheshe bobunikazi.Sesikushilo lokho, indlela ngayinye ehlukene yokwenza i-beamform inamandla ayo, kusukela ekususeni i-reverberation kuya ekunciphiseni umsindo.Kodwa-ke, ama-algorithms okukhanya angakhulisa kalula umsindo womoya kumsindo orekhodiwe, futhi akuwona wonke umuntu ongakwazi noma ofuna ukusebenzisa iwindshield eyengeziwe ukuze avikele i-MEMS.Futhi kungani ama-microphone akuma-smartphone engenzi ukucubungula okwengeziwe?Ngoba lokho kubeka engcupheni impendulo yemvamisa nokuzwela kwemakrofoni, abakhiqizi bavame ukuthembela kuhlelo lokusebenza ukunciphisa umsindo nomsindo womoya.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, akunakwenzeka ukulingisa umsindo womoya wangempela endaweni yemvelo ye-acoustic ngaphansi kwezimo zaselabhorethri, futhi kuze kube manje akukabikho isisombululo esihle sobuchwepheshe sokubhekana nayo.Ngenxa yalokho, abakhiqizi kufanele bathuthukise ubuchwepheshe obuhlukile bedijithali bokuvikela umoya (okungasetshenziswa ngaphandle kokunaka imikhawulo yedizayini yemboni yomkhiqizo) ngokusekelwe ekuhlolweni komsindo orekhodiwe.I-OZO Audio Zoom yakwaNokia irekhoda imisindo isizwa ubuchwepheshe bayo bokuvikela umoya.
Njengokwesulwa komsindo nezinye izindlela eziningi ezidumile, ukwenza i-beamforming kwakwenzelwa izinjongo zempi.Ama-transmitter array asetshenziswa njengama-radar antenna phakathi neMpi Yezwe II, futhi namuhla asetshenziselwa yonke into kusukela ekucabangeni kwezokwelapha kuya emikhosini yomculo.Ngokuqondene nezinhlaka zamakrofoni ezihlukaniswe ngezigaba, zasungulwa ngeminyaka yawo-70s ngu-John Billingsley (cha, hhayi umlingisi owadlala indawo kaDkt. Volash ku-Star Trek: Enterprise) kanye no-Roger Kinns.Yize ukusebenza kwalobu buchwepheshe kuma-smartphone akuthuthukanga kakhulu kule minyaka eyishumi edlule, ezinye izinto eziphathwayo zikhulu ngokweqile, ezinye zinamasethi amaningi wamakrofoni, kanti ezinye zinama-chipset anamandla kakhulu.Umakhalekhukhwini ngokwawo unezinga eliphezulu, okwenza ubuchwepheshe bokusondeza umsindo busebenze kakhulu ezinhlelweni ezihlukahlukene zomsindo.
Ephepheni lika-N. van Wijngaarden ne-EH Wouters elithi “Enhancing Sound by Beamforming using Smartphones” lithi: “Kuya engqondweni ukuthi amazwe (noma izinkampani) ezigadayo angase asebenzise amasu athile okukhanyisa ukuze ahlole zonke izakhamuzi .Kodwa ngokwezinga lokugadwa kwabantu abaningi. , ungakanani umthelela ongaba nawo isistimu yokwenza i-beamforming ye-smartphone?[…] Ngokombono, uma ubuchwepheshe bukhula ngokwengeziwe, bungase buphenduke isikhali sezikhali zombuso wokugada, kodwa Lokho kusekude kakhulu.Ubuchwepheshe obuthile bokwenza i-beamform kuma-smartphones kuseyindawo engakacaciswanga, futhi ukuntuleka kobuchwepheshe obuthulile kanye nezinketho zokuvumelanisa ezingacacile kunciphisa amathuba okulalela okucashile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jun-14-2022
